The impact of diet on hyperthyroidism Diet alone cannot cure hyperthyroidism, but it can play a role in managing the condition by influencing the production and functioning of thyroid hormones.
Certain nutrients and chemicals have an effect on hyperthyroidism:
- Iodine: Excessive iodine intake can increase thyroid hormone production, so it’s important to moderate iodine consumption.
- Calcium and Vitamin D: These nutrients are crucial for maintaining bone mineral density, which can be affected by hyperthyroidism.
- Caffeine: Foods and drinks containing caffeine can exacerbate hyperthyroidism symptoms.
Now, let’s explore the foods you should include and avoid in your diet if you have hyperthyroidism.
Foods to eat:
- Low iodine foods: If you’re preparing for radioactive iodine treatment, follow a low iodine diet with options like non-iodized salt, fresh or frozen vegetables, herbs, vegetable oils, and specific fruits, among others.
- Cruciferous vegetables: Certain cruciferous vegetables such as Brussels sprouts, cabbage, kale, and broccoli may help decrease thyroid hormone production.
- Foods containing selenium: Selenium-rich foods like Brazil nuts, fortified pasta and cereals, rice, and spinach can support thyroid health and improve symptoms of autoimmune thyroid disease.
- Foods containing iron: Iron-rich foods such as fortified cereals, raisins, dark chocolate, and various meats help maintain iron levels, which can be depleted in individuals with hyperthyroidism.
- Foods containing calcium and vitamin D: Calcium-rich foods like milk, broccoli, kale, and fortified orange juice, along with vitamin D sources such as salmon, tuna, and fortified cereals, aid in maintaining bone health.
Foods to avoid:
- Iodine-rich foods: Limit your intake of iodine-rich foods like iodized salt, fish, shellfish, seaweed, dairy products, and iodine supplements, as excessive iodine can worsen hyperthyroidism.
- Soy: Soy products, including soy milk, soy sauce, tofu, and soybean oil, can interfere with radioactive iodine uptake used in hyperthyroidism treatment.
- Gluten: For individuals with both celiac disease and hyperthyroidism, avoiding gluten (found in wheat, barley, oats, and rye) may improve thyroid medication absorption and reduce inflammation.
- Caffeine: Minimize your consumption of caffeine-containing beverages like coffee, black tea, chocolate, regular soda, and energy drinks, as caffeine can exacerbate symptoms.
In summary, adhering to a suitable diet can help manage hyperthyroidism symptoms. While some foods support healthy thyroid function, others should be avoided as they may worsen symptoms or interfere with treatment. It’s essential to consult with a doctor or dietitian for personalized dietary recommendations specific to your condition.