Emphysema is a chronic lung disease that damages the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs, making it difficult to breathe. It is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is primarily caused by long-term exposure to cigarette smoke or other lung irritants. Over time, emphysema reduces the lungs’ ability to exchange oxygen, leading …
Bronchiectasis is a chronic condition where the bronchi (the large airways in the lungs) become damaged, widened, and thickened, usually as a result of repeated infections or inflammation. This structural damage makes it hard for mucus to clear from the lungs, creating a cycle of infection and inflammation. Causes of bronchiectasis The main causes of …
Bronchitis, characterized by inflammation of the airways (trachea and bronchi), can significantly impair respiratory efficiency and quality of life. Physiotherapy plays a vital role in the management of both acute and chronic bronchitis, though the intensity and duration of intervention may vary based on the type and severity of the condition. While acute bronchitis is …
Pneumonia is an infection that causes inflammation and fluid buildup in the lungs. It can be triggered by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or, in rare cases, protozoa. This condition can make breathing difficult and lead to symptoms such as fever, cough, and mucus production. Causes of pneumonia Pneumonia is classified based on its cause and where …
