Trochanteric Bursitis: Causes, Symptoms & Physiotherapy Management

Introduction

Trochanteric Bursitis is a common cause of lateral hip pain, especially in adults and older individuals. It affects mobility, sleep, and daily activities due to inflammation of the bursae around the greater trochanter. Early identification and Correct physiotherapy intervention significantly decreases pain and stops chronic disability.

Definition

Trochanteric Bursitis is the inflammation of the bursa located over the greater trochanter of the femur. The bursa functions as a cushion between the gluteal tendons and the bone, decreasing friction during hip movements. When irritated by excessive stress or trauma, it becomes inflamed, resulting in pain on the outer aspect of the hip.

Etiology

• Overuse & Repetitive Stress: Activities involving frequent hip abduction or running on Irregular surfaces.
• Trauma: a direct impact or a fall on the lateral hip.
• Muscle Imbalances: Tight iliotibial band (ITB) or weak hip abductors. Enlarge the friction on the bursa.
• Postural Abnormalities: Leg length discrepancy and poor biomechanics.
• Medical Conditions: Rheumatoid arthritis, lumbar spine issues, and obesity are increasing the mechanical load.
• Post-Surgical Causes: Following hip surgery or Inappropriate rehabilitation.

Signs and Symptoms

• Sharp or aching pain over the lateral hip, worsening with activity.
• Tenderness on palpation over the greater trochanter.
• Pain while lying on the affected side.
• Increased discomfort during climbing stairs, rising from a chair, or prolonged standing.
• Hip stiffness and reduced range of motion in severe cases.
• Pain radiating down the lateral thigh, but not past the knee.

Physiotherapy Management

• Pain Relief Techniques: Ice application, ultrasound therapy, and TENS to reduce inflammation.
• Strengthening: Gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, and core stabilization to improve hip stability.
• Stretching Exercises: Focus on the IT band, gluteal muscles, hip flexors, and piriformis to decrease tension.
• Activity Modification: Avoiding aggravating movements, maintaining posture, and ergonomic guidance.
• Gait Training: Addressing abnormal walking patterns and upgrading functional mobility.
• Manual Therapy: Myofascial release and soft-tissue mobilization around the hip structures.
• Education: Importance of weight management and appropriate warm-up before activities.

Conclusion

Trochanteric Bursitis is a treatable condition when identified early and treated productively. Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in decreasing pain, correcting biomechanical issues, and restoring functional movement. Consistent rehabilitation and lifestyle modifications help prevent recurrence and promote long-term hip health.