Education

Parenting Skills for Raising a Child with Special Needs

Special Education /
Parenting Skills

Raising a child is a complex and evolving journey. It demands deep understanding, adaptability, emotional strength, and effective parenting skills. When raising a child with special needs such as Autism Spectrum Disorder, ADHD, Learning Disability, or Intellectual Disability, this journey requires a more structured, thoughtful, and skill-based approach. With the right mindset, understanding, and practical …

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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Physiotherapy /
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Introduction: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis(ALS) is a type of motor neuron disease. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease and charcot disease. Definition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is a neurodegenerative group of disorders characterized by degeneration of lateral  column. Etiology: There will be degeneration of the Lower Motor Neuron in the spinal cord and …

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Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Physiotherapy /
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Introduction:  Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury commonly results from a fall from height with the knee in flexion and the body rotating on the stationary foot. This results in abnormal internal rotation of it tibia. Similarly, hyper flexion or hyperextension with internal rotation of the tibia can also produce it.  Mechanism of injury: Anterior Cruciate Ligament …

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Understanding Meralgia Paresthetica: Nerve Compression of the Thigh

Physiotherapy /
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Introduction Meralgia Paresthetica (MP) is a neurological condition characterized by tingling, burning pain, numbness and sometimes an altered sensation on the lateral side of the thigh. Clinical feature Patients often report a burning pain or “pins and needles”commotion over the distribution of the LFCN. Symptoms can vary in intensity and may worsen with prolonged walking, …

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Living with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Challenges and Treatment Options

Physiotherapy /
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Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic disease which results in chronic inflammation and destruction of synovial joints. It is an autoimmune disease that involves systems/organs other than the bones and joints alone. Etiology The etiology is unclear; however, various factors like climate, race, diet, psychosomatic disorders, trauma, endocrine dysfunction, biochemical disorders, hereditary influences, disturbances …

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Dyscalculia

Special Education /
Dyscalculia

Definition of Dyscalculia Dyscalculia is a specific learning disability that impairs a person’s ability to understand and work with numbers. It disrupts the typical development of arithmetic skills and affects a person’s confidence in handling everyday tasks involving math. Research suggests, it is largely brain-based, with differences observed in areas of the brain responsible for …

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Congenital Hip Dislocation

Physiotherapy /
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Congenital hip dislocation, now more commonly referred to as developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), is a condition where a child’s hip joint is improperly formed. This can range from a slightly shallow socket to a completely dislocated hip.It develops  at birth or develops during infancy.it is  More common in girls, first-born children, and breech …

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Transient Ischemic Attack

Physiotherapy /
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A Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA), often called a “mini-stroke”, is a temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a stroke. It occurs when there is a brief interruption in blood flow to part of the brain, spinal cord, or retina — typically lasting only a few minutes and not causing permanent damage. Causes  A …

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Eating Disorder

Special Education /
Eating Disorder

Definition of Eating Disorder An eating disorder is a serious mental health condition marked by abnormal eating behaviors that negatively impact a person’s physical health, emotional well-being, and overall quality of life. These disorders often involve an unhealthy obsession with food, body weight, or body image, leading to behaviors like extreme food restriction, binge eating, …

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Psychosis

Special Education /
Psychosis

Definition of Psychosis According to the World Health Organization (WHO), psychosis is a mental health condition marked by significant disruptions in perception, thought, emotion, behavior, language, and sense of self. Individuals with psychosis often struggle to distinguish between what is real and what is not. Key symptoms include hallucinations (such as hearing voices), delusions (fixed …

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Schizophrenia

Special Education /
Schizophrenia

Definition of Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a serious mental health disorder marked by profound disruptions in thought, perception, emotion, and behavior. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), individuals with schizophrenia often experience persistent delusions, hallucinations (commonly hearing voices), disorganized thinking, and impaired functioning across social and occupational domains. Types of Schizophrenia Though now considered part …

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Phobias

Special Education /
Phobias

Definition of Phobias Phobias are classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a type of phobic anxiety disorder. These disorders involve a persistent, excessive, and unreasonable fear or anxiety triggered by the presence or anticipation of a specific object or situation. The intensity of this fear often leads individuals to avoid the trigger altogether, …

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Panic Disorder

Special Education /
Panic Disorder

Definition of Panic Disorder Panic disorder is a mental health condition marked by recurring and unexpected panic attacks—sudden episodes of intense fear or discomfort that reach their peak within minutes. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), these attacks are often accompanied by symptoms such as a racing heart, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, or …

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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Special Education /
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Definition of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is a structured, goal-focused, and time-limited form of psychotherapy. It centers on identifying and changing unhelpful patterns in thinking, behavior, and emotional responses. The core idea behind it is that our thoughts, feelings, and actions are closely connected. When negative thoughts arise, they can influence feelings and …

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